中国矿业大学(北京)博士研究生英语考试必背--名词解释 题

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1、Abstract:A restatement of the main findings and conclusions of a document. Abstract or summary? ◇ Standing alone◇ The very first part

2、Summary is a restatement of the major findings and conclusions of a document, placed after the text

3、Finding is something that is found by analysis and experiment.

4、Result is the important part of a paper, it is usually presented（提出） together with the corresponding（相应地） analysis concerned(与什…有关), also it is a statement that solves a problems or explains how to solve the problems .

Quantitative result is reported by tables/graphs/figures coupled with a verbal, and provide the readers with parallel information, numeric and narrative

Qualitative result is primarily presented in a narrative form but occasionally supplemented by a figure or a table

5、Conclusion：A summary of the author(s)’s viewpoints based on the investigation, experiments, inferences, discussions and so on.

6、Acknowledgement(承认；确认；感谢) is mainly used to express the author’s appreciation and extend the author’s indebtedness to the helpful support or concern from their colleagues(or institutions) in offering any useful material, specimen（样品）, technical know-how（诀窍）, suggestions, any other enlightenment（启迪）, etc. to the author. 7、8、References参考书目 or Bibliography参考文献

References would normally include only those works that are actually referred to in the main text.

Bibliography generally contains works relevant to the subject matter of the assignment which the author has read, but not necessarily and specifically referred to in the text.

9、Plagiarism 剽窃

The unauthorized use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and the presentation of them as one’s own original work.

10 Meeting

an assembly of people for talking and discussing on a topic

Conference

a formal meeting organized on a particular subject, often lasting for a few days

Symposium

the meeting for specialized academic discussion, usually narrow and specific in the range of topics

Congress

a gathering to discuss issues, ideas, and policies of public interest

Convention

a routine meeting or a large gathering to discuss the business of their organization or political group

Forum

a public meeting to exchange ideas and discuss issues, especially important public issues Seminar 研讨会

a class-like meeting, to discuss a particular topic or subject presented by several major speakers