中学英语被动语态讲解

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中学英语被动语态讲解

一、被动语态的构成形式

1. 被动语态的基本时态变化

被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：

1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时

例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.

2） has /have been done 现在完成时

例All the preparations for the task have

been completed, and we're ready to start.

3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时

例A new cinema is being built here．

4） was/were done 一般过去时

例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I

should reject the offer.

5） had been done 过去完成时

例 By the end of last year, another new

gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.

6） was/were being done 过去进行时

例A meeting was being held when I was there.

7） shall/will be done

be going to be done

be about to be done/ be to be done一般将来时

例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory

closes.

8） should\would be done

was\were going to be done

was\were about to be done

was\were to be done过去将来时

例The news would be sent to the soldier's

mother as soon as it arrived.

9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）

例The project will have been completed

before July.

10） should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）

例He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.

2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式

1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。

例The baby should be taken good care of

by the baby-sitter.

2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语， 另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。

例His mother gave him a present for his

birthday. 可改为 He was given a present