初三英语定语从句讲解及练习题

初三英语定语从句讲解及练习题

在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。

引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whose, whom, which, that 。

引导定语从句的关系副词有when, where, why。

关系代词在定语从句中做主语，宾语，定语。关系副词在定语从句中做状语。

一、who引导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语)，修饰表示人的先行词。

This is the man who helped me. The boy who//whom we saw yesterday is John’s brother.

二、whom引导的定语从句,whom在从句中作宾语,修饰表示人的先行词，口语中可以省略。

The doctor (whom) you are looking for is in the room.

The person (whom) you just talked to is Mr. Li.

=The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. (介词后 whom不能省略)

The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.

(固定短语中的介词一般不能拆开，仍放在动词之后。look for / look after /take care of / put on / take off…)

三、whose引导的定语从句,whose在从句中作定语，修饰表示人或物的先行词。

Do you know the woman whose name is Mary. Pass me the dictionary whose cover is black. 四、that引导的定语从句，that在从句中做主语或宾语、修饰表示人或物的先行词。作宾语时可省略,不能放在介词后面作宾语. (that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which)

The letter (that//which) I received was from my father. I can’t find the letter that//which came this morning.

Do you still remember the days (that//which)we spent together ?

This is the man that//who helped me.

The house (that//which) we live in is not large. =The house in which we live is not large.

The doctor (that//whom //who)you are looking for is in the room.

五、which引导的定语从句，which在从句中做主语，也可做宾语，或介词的宾语，修饰表示物的先行词。

This is the book (which/that ) you want.

The building which//that stands near the river is our school.

The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.(介词后面的which不能省略) The house (which/that) we live in is not large.

This is the watch (which/that ) he was looking for.

六、that 和which 都可以修饰表示物的先行词, 但是下列情况只能用that.

①. 先行词为不定代词all, few, little, much, everything, nothing, anything等.

All (that) you have to do is to practise every day. There isn’t much (that) I can do. Tell us everything that you know, please.

Is there anything that you don’t understand?

②. 先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时.

The first lesson (that) I learned will never be forgotten.

This is the best film (that ) I have ever seen.

③. 先行词被all, any, every, few, little, no, some, much 等不定代词修饰时.

I have read all the books (that) you gave me.

④. 先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same 等修饰时.

This is the very book that I want to read.

This is the same book that I want to read.

This is the last time ( that ) I shall give you a lesson.