采用超弹性_粘弹性_弹塑性本构模型的橡胶隔振器动态特性计算方法

第46卷第14期 2010年7月

机 械 工 程 学 报

JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Vol.46 No.14 Jul. 2010

DOI：10.3901/JME.2010.14.109

采用超弹性—粘弹性—弹塑性本构模型的

*

橡胶隔振器动态特性计算方法

吴 杰1, 2 上官文斌1, 2 潘孝勇3

(1．华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院 广州 510641；

2．广东省汽车工程重点实验室 广州 510641； 3．宁波拓普声学振动技术有限公司 宁波 315800)

摘要：填充橡胶材料的动态特性与激振频率及激振振幅相关。基于本构模型叠加的方法，建立填充橡胶材料的超弹性-粘弹性-弹塑性本构模型。其中，超弹性模型用于表征橡胶材料的弹性特性，粘弹性模型和弹塑性模型分别用于表征橡胶材料动态特性的激振频率和激振振幅相关性。给出模型中参数的识别方法以及橡胶隔振器的动态特性与激振频率及激振振幅相关性的计算方法。由橡胶试件的简单剪切试验数据拟合得到模型参数，利用有限元分析方法计算一橡胶悬置的动态特性并与试验数据进行对比分析。结果表明，所建立的超弹性—粘弹性—弹塑性模型可以较好地表征橡胶材料动态特性的振幅相关性和频率相关性，可用于橡胶隔振器动态特性的预测与优化设计。

关键词：橡胶隔振器 本构模型 粘弹性 弹塑性 振幅相关性 频率相关性 中图分类号：U461.1

Computational Method for Dynamic Properties of Rubber Isolators Using Hyperelastic-viscoelastic-plastoelastic Constitutive Model

1, 23

WU Jie 1, 2 SHANGGUAN Wenbin PAN Xiaoyong

(1. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,

South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641;

2. Guangdong Key Laboratory for Automotive Engineering, Guangzhou 510641;

3. Ningbo Tuopu Vibro-Acoustics Technology Inc., Ningbo 315800)

Abstract：The dynamic properties of rubber materials are related to excitation amplitude and excitation frequency. Based on the overlay method of constitutive models, the hyperelastic-viscoelastic-plastoelastic constitutive model is built for characterizing the dynamic properties of rubber materials. The hyperelastic model is used to describe the elastic property of rubber materials, and the viscoelastic and plastoelastic models are used to characterize the frequency and amplitude dependency, respectively. Parameter identification method and the computational aspects of the frequency- and amplitude-dependent dynamic properties of the rubber isolators are investigated. The model parameters are identified by using the simple shear experimental data of rubber specimens. Based on the identified model parameters, the dynamic properties of a powertrain rubber mount are calculated by using the finite element analysis method and the calculated results agree well with the experimental data. It is shown that the presented model can predict the frequency- and amplitude-dependent dynamic properties of the rubber materials with little relative errors. Therefore, the presented method can be used for prediction and optimization design of the dynamic properties of rubber isolators.

Key words：Rubber isolator Constitutive model Viscoelasticity Plasticity Amplitude dependency Frequency dependency

0 前言

橡胶隔振器已广泛应用于航空航天、汽车、运* 国家自然科学基金(50575073)和高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(200805611087)资助项目。20091012收到初稿，20100328收到修改稿

输装备等减振系统[1-4]。试验表明，橡胶隔振器的动态特性具有较强的非线性特征，并且与激振频率及激振振幅相关。因此，对橡胶隔振器的动态性能的预测难度较大，一般需要反复地设计和试验才能获得满意的橡胶隔振器动态性能。

近年来，已有不同的模型，如Maxwell模型、