《中国教育史》孙培青版习题重点答案详细

目录

答案 ····························································································· 错误！未定义书签。

目录 ······························································································································· 1

第一章 原始时期的教育 ··························································································· 1

第二章 夏、商、西周与春秋时期的教育 ······························································· 2

第三章 战国时期的教育 ························································································· 4

第四章 秦汉时期的教育 ··························································································· 7

第五章 魏晋南北朝时期的教育 ··············································································· 8

第六章 隋唐时期的教育 ··························································································· 9

第七章 宋辽金元时期的教育 ·················································································· 11

第八章 明朝的教育 ································································································· 13

第九章 清初至鸦片战争前的教育 ······································································· 14

第十章 鸦片战争时期的教育 ················································································· 16

第十一章 洋务运动时期的教育 ··········································································· 16

第十二章 维新运动到清末新政时期的教育 ························································· 17

第十三章 民国成立初期的教育 ············································································· 19

第十四章 新文化运动和大革命时期的教育 ························································· 21

第十五章 国民政府时期的教育 ············································································· 22

第十六章 中国共产党领导下的革命根据地教育 ··············································· 25

第一章 原始时期的教育

一、填空题

1、原始的教育活动，起源于人类 参与社会生活 的需要和人类 自身身心发展的需要。

2．从教育意义上说，原始宗教活动中的 巫师 又是原始文化知识的保存者和传播者，是知识分子的前身。

3．传说是黄帝命令他的史官 仓颉 创造了文字。

4．据文献记载，五帝时期已有叫 “成均” 和 “庠” 的教育场所，它们被看成是萌芽状态的学校。

二、判断题

（×）1、原始社会的教育已经有了专门的场所和专职人员。 三、简答

1、如何认识教育的起源问题。

答：教育是人类社会特有的现象，教育起源于人类参与社会生活的需要和人类自身身心发展的需要。 教育活动是一种交往活动，原始人的群居生活为成员之间的交流提供了基本条件，有利于年长一代向年青一代传授社会生活和生产劳动的知识经验，使他们的身心获得发展。

原始社会的教育内容与原始生活的需要和生产技能是相应的。原始人类的教育意识是一个逐步加强的过程。在原始社会初期，人类将知识传授给别人、向别人学习的主动性和自觉性都很低，但随着人类的进化、社会的发展，知识的发现和积累，教育的意识性、目的性、计划性不断得到加强，最终摆脱教育与生活混同的状态。

2、氏族公社时期教育活动的重要方面有哪些？

答：（1）生产劳动教育

（2）生活习俗的教育

（3）原始宗教教育

（4）原始艺术教育 （5）体格和军事教育

3、原始社会的教育有哪些特点？

答：原始社会教育表现出与阶级社会教育迥然不同的一些特点：

（1）教育的社会性和无阶级性。原始社会的集体生产与集体生活，决定了其教育也是集体的、公共的、社会性的活动，没有阶级的界限。

（2）教育不是专门的社会活动。原始社会的教育尚未从社会生产和生活中分化出来，它的主要途径是通过生产劳动和社会生活实践来进行。