Extraction, purification, and characterization of the polysaccharides from Opuntia milpa alta

Available online at doc.guandang.net

CarbohydratePolymers71(2008)

403–410

doc.guandang.net

Extraction,puri cation,andcharacterizationofthepolysaccharidesfromOpuntiamilpaalta

WeirongCai

a

a,b

,XiaohongGua,JianTang

a,c,*

KeyLaboratoryofFoodScienceandSafety,MinistryofEducation,JiangnanUniversity,Wuxi214036,China

b

DepartmentofBiochemistry,AnhuiCollegeofScienceandTechnology,Wuhu241000,China

c

Testing&AnalysisCenter,JiangnanUniversity,Wuxi214036,China

Received7May2007;receivedinrevisedform30May2007;accepted7June2007

Availableonline16June2007

Abstract

PolysaccharidesproductionfromOpuntiamilpaaltawascarriedout.Thee ectsoftheextractionparametersofextractiontime,extractiontemperatureandratioofwatertorawmaterialwereoptimizedbyusingstatisticaltechniquessuchasathreefactor,threelevelBox–Behnkenfactorialdesign(BBD)andresponsesurfacemethodology(RSM),withaviewtomaximizetheextractionyieldunderoptimalextractionparameterscombination.Fromthisstudy,itcouldbeconcludedthatthemaximumyieldofthepolysaccharides(0.694%)canbeobtainedextractiontemperatureof86.1°C,extractiontimeof3.61h,ratioofwatertomaterialof3.72:1.ThreeisolatedfractionsofthepolysaccharideswerecharacterizedbyemployingHigh-PerformanceLiquidChromatography(HPLC).Ó2007ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.

Keywords:Opuntiamilpaalta;Polysaccharides;Extraction;Optimization;Responsesurfaceanalysis;Puri cation

1.Introduction

Polysaccharidesfromplant,epiphyteandanimalextractsareaninterestingsourceofadditivesforseveralindustries,inparticularfoodanddrugindustry(Foraboscoetal.,2006;F-Tischeretal.,2006;Li,Fang,&Zhang,2007;Nunes,Rocha,Saraiva,&Coimbra,2006;Ray,2006;Wang,Luo,&Ena,2007).Manyofthesepolysac-charides,likethosefromtheCactaceaefamily,havebeenempiricallyusedtomodifytherheologicalpropertiesofsomeproducts(Pimienta-Barrios,1991).Intraditionalmedicine,extractsofpolysaccharide-containingplantsarewidelyemployedforthetreatmentofskinandepitheliumwoundsandofmucousmembraneirritation(Bedi&Shenefelt,2002).Therefore,discoveryandevaluationofnewpolysaccharidesfromthevariousOpuntiaasnewsafe

Correspondingauthor.Address:KeyLaboratoryofFoodScienceandSafety,MinistryofEducation,JiangnanUniversity,Wuxi214122,China.Tel./fax:+8651085919837.

E-mailaddress:guxh@sytu.edu.cn(J.Tang).0144-8617/$-seefrontmatterÓ2007ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2007.06.008

*

compoundsforfunctionalfoodsandmedicinehasbecomeahotresearchspot.

Opuntiamilpaalta,amemberofthecactaceaefamily,isatropicalorsubtropicalplantoriginallygrowninSouthAmericaandcultivatedindryregionsasanimportantnutrientandfoodsource(Habibi,Mahrouz,&Vignon,2005a).ThisgenusisendemictoAmericaanduptonow377specieshavebeenrecognized,104havebeenwildinMexico,and60ofwhichareendemictothiscountry(Cor-´a,Pen´nchez-rales-Garc a-Valdivia,Razo-Mart ´nez,&Sa

´ndez,2004;Habibi,Mahrouz,&Vignon,2005b).ItHerna

oftentakestheformofasmallshruborcreepingplantanditcaneasilyberecognizedbyitsgreenandthicklongpencas,intheshapeofasportsracket.Insomecountriestheyoungstems(nopalitos)isalsousedforhumancon-´rez-Cacho,Gala´n-Soldevilla,Corralessumption(RuizPe

´´ndezMontes,2006).ThejuiceobtainedGarc a,&Herna

fromthecladodescontainsalargeamountsofphenoliccomponents,inparticularsome avonoids,( avan-3-ols,alsoknownascatechins)andproanthocyanidins,suchashydroxycinnamicacidsandanthocyanins;antioxidant