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Critical Discourse Analysis in Applied Linguistics_A Methodological Review

AnnualReviewofAppliedLinguistics(2014),34,213–232.

©CambridgeUniversityPress,2014,0267-1905/14$16.00

doi:10.1017/S0267190514000087

CriticalDiscourseAnalysisinAppliedLinguistics:

AMethodologicalReview

AngelLin

Thecriticalturnarrivedinthe eldofappliedlinguisticsinthelate1990sandearly2000s,andthe eldhassincewitnessedaburgeoningbodyofliteraturedrawingonavarietyofanalyticalframeworksandmethodologicalapproachesthatarelooselylabeledascriticaldiscourseanalysis(CDA).AmethodologicalreviewoftheroleofCDAinthe eldisthustimelybothtoprovidesignpostsforresearcherswishingtodrawonCDAmethodsinappliedlinguisticsresearchandtoprovidesometheoreticalandmethodologicalresourcestoevaluatetherapidlygrowingbodyofCDA-orientedappliedlinguisticsresearch.Unlikesomemethodologicaltools,suchascorpusanalytictoolsthatcanbeinsertedintoadiverserangeoftheoreticalframeworks(e.g.,positiviststudies,interpretivestudies,criticalstudies),CDAcannotbeapplieddivorcedfromitsparadigmatictheories,asitiscloselyrelatedtoaspeci csetofsocialtheoriesaboutthenatureoflanguage,literacy,identity,socialpractice,andthesocialworld.CDAmethodsthuscannotbeappliedwithoutalsoaconcomitantcommitmenttoCDA’stheoreticalorientations.Inthisreview,thetheoreticalcommitmentsaswellastheclassicmethodsofCDAwill rstbediscussedandthenthemajorareasinwhichCDAresearcherstypicallyconducttheirstudiesareoutlinedtogetherwithareviewofthevarietyofmethodologicalapproachesusedinthesedifferentareas.ThestrengthsaswellasthelimitationsoftheseapproacheswillbediscussedwithexamplesofrecentstudiesusingCDAinthe eldofappliedlinguistics.ThearticlewillconcludewithsomesuggestionsforfuturedirectionsofCDAmethodologicaldevelopment.

THECRITICALTURNINAPPLIEDLINGUISTICS

Thecriticalturnseemedtoarriveinappliedlinguisticsinthe1990sinacallbyPennycook(1990)inhisseminalarticle“TowardsaCriticalAppliedLinguisticsforthe1990s”:

Ifweareconcernedaboutthemanifoldandmanifestinequitiesofthesocietiesandtheworldwelivein,thenIbelievewemuststarttotakeupmoralandpoliticalprojectstochangethosecircumstances.This

Critical Discourse Analysis in Applied Linguistics_A Methodological Review

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