主谓一致学案

Unit 1 Module 4主谓一致语法学案

I. 主谓一致概述

一个完整、正确的谓语成分，要考虑三个要素：时态、语态和数。句子的主语、谓语都有自己的单复数。

它们在人称和数上要保持一致。

主谓一致判断原则: 确定主语一致的具体情况要从句子形式、句子意思和就近原则三个方面判断。

II. 主谓一致具体用法

1. 范句观察

a. Much milk is offered to him. b. Reading aloud is very important in learning English.

c. To nod one’s head means agreement. d. What he said is believable.

e. What I say and do is my own affair. f. What he says and what he thinks have nothing to do with me.

规则归纳：

①. 不可数名词、动名词、不定式、主语从句等作主语，谓语常用单数。

②. 多个并列主语从句作主语时，完整形式使用复数，省略形式用单数。

2. 范句观察

a. with his daughters and sons is watching TV.

b. as well as the teacher are dancing. c. playing basketball is my deskmate.

d. to be held tomorrow is very important.

规则归纳：

① 主语+介词结构中（with, except, over, besides, like(像)，including, as well as, no less than, in addition to, more

than, rather than, together with 等），这些介词结构与主语不是并列关系，而是对主语的修饰，因此谓语的数

由主语（整个主语部分的中心词）本身决定。

② 主语中心词后加to do, doing/done, adj,定语从句等各种修饰成分（常作定语），谓语的数仍由主语中心词

决定。

3. 范句观察：

a. There is nothing wrong with the bike. b. Either of the shirts fits me very well.

c. None of the farmers has/have been abroad.

规则归纳：

不定代词either, each, another, neither, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone,

everybody, everything等作主语时，谓语用单数；none 作主语时，谓语单、复数皆可。

4. 范句观察：

a. The teacher and writer is going to give us a talk. b. The teacher and writer are going to give us a talk.

c. The tenth and last chapter is written by a young man.

d. Each man and each woman has a chance to be raised in our company.

e. No boy and no girl doesn’t go to school at seven in this village because of the Hope Project.

f. Many an apple is in the basket. g. More than one stamp has been collected by her.

规则归纳：

① 由 each +n and each + n,/ every + n and every +n,/ no + n and no + n,/ many a + n and many a +n, /more than

one + n 等作主语时，谓语用

② 由 and 并列两个the/a/物主代词+n的结构时，意义上指两个概念，谓语用复数；and 并列两个名词，

只有第一个名词前有the/a/物主代词，意义上指同一个人或物，谓语用单数。

5. 范句观察：

a. This pair of trousers fits you. b. The kind of the apple tastes delicious.