冠词用法及习题

冠词用法及习题,加强冠词的使用,谢谢您的使用

第一讲PartⅡ 冠 词

冠词规则的灵活运用是高考命题的一个热点，几乎每年高考题的单项选择或完形填空都有涉及冠词的题目，不定冠词和定冠词的一些特殊用法，习惯用法及不用冠词的情况是高考重点考查的知识点。

基本用法

当代语法把冠词分为不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词（即不用冠词）三种。冠词是一种虚词，起限定作用，是最主要最典型的限定词，放在名词（或名词化的形容词分词）前面，说明其所指的人或物。 一、定冠词的基本用法： ① 表示上文提到过的人或事物。如：I have bought a book. The book is very useful.

② 用于说话人与听话人心中都有数的人或事物。如：Close the window, please.

③ 用于表示世界上独一无二的事物前。如：the sun, the moon, the earth, the world等。 ④ 用于表示方位的名词之前。如：the east, the right.

⑤ 用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前。如：the first, the tallest. ⑥ 用于形容词之前，使其名词化。如：the sick, the wounded.

⑦ 用于由普通名词构成的专有名词之前。如：the United States, the United Nation.

⑧ 用于江河、海洋、海峡、山脉、群岛、建筑物等的名词之前。如：the Changjiang River, the East Lake.

⑨ 用于复数姓氏之前，表示“夫妇”或“全家”。如：The Smiths ⑩ 用于乐器的名词前。如：play the piano; play the violin. ⑾ 发明物。如：The compass was invented in China.

⑿ 年代名词前。如：He lived in the countryside in the 1970s.

⒀ 固定词组中。如：in the morning(afternoon, evening), on the other hand , at the same time

二、不定冠词的基本用法：

① 泛指一个。如：There is a book on the table.

② 指人或事物的某一种类。如：His father is a driver. Longjing is a wonderful tea.

③ 指某一个人或事物，但不具体说明。如：My sister was saved by a PLA man in the fire. ④ 用于某一些表示重量、长度、时间等单位前，表示“每一”。如：We have meals three times a day.（我们一天吃三餐。）

⑤ 表示同样的。如：They are of an age.（他们是同岁。）

⑥ 表数量，相当于one,但语意较弱。如：There is a pen and two books on the desk. ⑦ 使抽象名词具体化。如：The little girl is a help to her mother. （a hand译"帮手"）

⑧ 固定搭配。如：A few, a little, a lot of, a bit, a couple of, all of a sudden(突然), as a matter of fact(实际上), in a hurry(匆忙的), in a word(简言之), have a good time(玩得愉快), do sb. a favour(帮忙), pay a visit to(访问), as a rule(惯例), as a whole(总之), in a day or two(一两天), in a way(在某种程度上), of a size(大小相同), have a word with sb.(与 交谈), make a living(谋生), take a pride in(自豪), take a walk(break, bath, seat)(散步(休息、洗澡、就座)), a great deal of(大量), be a pity(遗憾), have a cold(headache, fever)(感冒(头痛、发烧)), many a(许多), catch a cold(感冒).

三、不用冠词的情况：

① 表示总称的复数名词之前。如：Children love cartoons.（儿童喜欢卡通影片。） ② 不含普通名词的专有名词前。如：We are studying English.

③ 名词前有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰时。如：I like this picture; I do not have any money; As time went on, Einstein’s theory proved to be correct.

④ 季节、月份、星期等名词前，一般不用冠词。如：She likes spring most.

⑤ 呼语前不用冠词。如：What shall I do next, Mother? ⑥ 三餐饭前不用冠词。如：What did you have for lunch?

⑦ 节假日前不用冠词。如：People give gifts to each other on Christmas Day. ⑧ 球类和棋类运动的名称前不用冠词。如：She is fond of playing basketball.

⑨ 在一些成对出现的短语中不用冠词。如：arm in arm（手挽手）; hand in hand（手牵手）; side by side（肩对肩）; day and day（日日夜夜）; young and old（老老少少）; from door to door（挨门挨户）; from beginning to end（从头到尾）; from morning till night（从早到晚）等。 四.注意：冠词与抽象名词连用，抽象名词具体化，表示“一场，一次，一件”等意思，如：a pleasure, a surprise, a joy, a pity, an honor, a knowledge of , a success等 五. 用冠词与不用冠词的差异

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